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Many students start writing before planning what they are going to say.

This could lead to a writing response which is disorganized and could negatively affect their score. In this blog, we’ll look at how you can improve your writing skills and suggest some ideas for effective planning so that you are ready for test day.

Read the following Writing Task 2 question and an example introduction. Do you think the writer has fully understood the question?

Rushing into writing

It looks like the writer has not spent the necessary time to read and understand the question before beginning to write, and has started to write the wrong type of essay as a response. This type of mistake happens in the IELTS Writing test when test takers are understandably nervous about writing 250 words in only 40 minutes so are in a rush to get started. However, by taking the time to fully analyse the question, test takers can ensure they write about the right topic, with the right focus, and the right type of essay.

Here are a few steps to follow to make sure that you are fully prepared before you start writing and to avoid making this type of mistake.

Step 1: Analyse the question

Before you start writing, you need to spend some time with the question. Read the question and instructions carefully and ask yourself these questions:

• Do I have to give my opinion?
• Do I have to discuss both sides of an argument?
• Do I have to answer any questions?

This will help you to identify the type of essay. Ask these questions about the previous example Writing Task 2 question and identify the key words that helped you.

Once you’ve identified the type of essay, be sure to identify the focus of the essay. What problem is it that you’re being asked to discuss in this question? What key words would you underline or highlight?

If you are doing IELTS on paper, you are free to write on the question paper. If you are doing IELTS on computer, you can also take notes and highlight text in the online platform, or use the piece of scrap paper that you are provided with. Any notes that you take aren’t assessed, and the Examiner will not see your rough notes.

Why do I need to take rough notes?

Remember that you only have 40 minutes to write your essay so this means that you do not have time to write a first draft. Instead, you can plan your ideas and prepare an outline of your essay in rough notes. The more ideas you can put down, no matter how roughly, the more you’ll have to write about. Also, if you prepare what you’re going to write about in advance, you can focus on how you’re writing once you’re ready to start.

Step 2: Brainstorm your ideas

How you write your rough notes is entirely up to you. You might want to write your notes in a mind map or in bullet points or as a table. Whatever method you choose, take a few moments to jot down as many ideas or arguments as you can.

Causes	Solutions
1. Availability of junk food at school	1. Schools ban junk food
2. Low cost of unhealthy food vs. expensive healthy food	2. Government introduce sugar tax
3. Less exercise, more time in front of screens	3. Parents limit screen time, increase time outside

Consider alternative perspectives

If you are struggling to come up with ideas, for any question type, consider alternative perspectives to your own. Think of the categories of people who would be interested in or affected by the topic of the question. For the example question above, you could ask yourself about the individual roles and responsibilities of those involved in a child’s life. Think of the following questions as a guide for a variety of topics and question types that may come up on test day:

• What could the individual do?

• What could parents do at home?

• What could schools do?

• What could companies and businesses do?

• What could the local or national government do?

Step 3: Choose your best arguments

Once you have a list of all the arguments, all the ideas you can think of, you can then choose two to three to write about in your essay. Make sure that you choose the points that you know you can write about. Consider these questions when making your choices:

• Which of the ideas could you write most about?

• Can you think of reasons, examples, and results of each idea?

• Which ideas are different from each other?

• Have you chosen ideas to support your position?

• Have you chosen an idea to balance the essay?

Doesn’t all of this planning waste too much writing time?

These steps can be completed in just two to three minutes and this time is very well spent. Conversely, it would be a waste of time to rush into writing and realise halfway through that you have not fully understood the question, and don’t have enough time to make the corrections.

As you prepare for your IELTS test, make planning a part of your test practice. The more often you do this, the quicker your idea-generation will be, and the more prepared you’ll be to write the best essay you’ve ever written on your actual test day.

Good luck!